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Spread & networksPsychology & interventions Filter Bubbles, Echo Chambers, and Online News ConsumptionThis paper examines whether technological changes (social media, search engines) increase ideological segregation in online news consumption by analyzing web-browsing data from 50,000 active news readers. They find that while social media and search are associated with higher segregation than direct browsing, the overall effects are… Flaxman et al. · Public Opinion Quarterly · 2016 Spread & networksDetection methods Stance Classification in Rumours as a Sequential Task Exploiting the Tree Structure of Social Media ConversationsProposes that modelling Twitter conversations as tree-structured sequences improves rumour stance classification. Introduces Linear and Tree Conditional Random Fields (CRF) to exploit the sequential structure of replies within rumour threads, showing that Tree CRF significantly outperforms non-sequential baselines on 4,519 annotated… Zubiaga et al. · arXiv · 2016 Spread & networksDetection methods DeepCas: an End-to-end Predictor of Information CascadesDeepCas predicts the future size of information cascades (e.g., how many people will eventually retweet a post or cite a paper) using an end-to-end deep learning model that represents cascade graphs as sets of random walk paths. Instead of relying on hand-crafted network features, the model learns cascade representations automatically… Li et al. · arXiv · 2016 Spread & networksPlatforms, policy & society Reducing Controversy by Connecting Opposing ViewsThis paper proposes an algorithmic approach to reduce polarization on social media by recommending social connections (edges) between opposing sides. Using an endorsement graph representation and the random-walk-based controversy metric, the authors formulate the problem as k-edge-addition and develop an efficient algorithm (ROV) that… Garimella et al. · WSDM 2017 · 2016 Spread & networksPlatforms, policy & society Corporate funding and ideological polarization about climate changeFarrell analyzes 40,785 texts (39+ million words) from 164 climate contrarian organizations between 1993–2013, employing Structural Topic Modeling and social network analysis to demonstrate that corporate funding from entities like ExxonMobil and Koch family foundations directly influences which polarization themes are created and… Farrell · National Academy of Sciences · 2016